Vaccine Spotlight Influenza, GIDEON 2015
Vaccine: Influenza - live vaccine
Strains equivalent to inactivated vaccines.
Temperature-sensitive [no replication beyond nasopharynx].
Additional comments / concerns:
Use limited to healthy persons only.
Typical Adult Dosage
Limited to age group 5 to 49 years.
Intranasal spray - 1/2 dose to each nostril
Typical Pediatric Dosage
Limited to age group 5 to 49 years.
Age >8 y - one dose
Age 5-8 y - 2nd dose at 6-10 weeks
Intranasal spray - 1/2 dose to each nostril
Subsequent booster: As indicated for subsequent epidemic periods.
Toxic Effects for Influenza - live vaccine: (8 listed)
Cough
Fever
Headache
Myalgia
Nausea or vomiting
Rhinitis
Sore throat
Contraindications for Influenza - live vaccine: (11 listed)
Allergy to the vaccine
Concurrent antiviral [vaccine strain] therapy
Concurrent immune modulators (tacrolimus, interferon)
Concurrent severe acute illness
Defer salicylates for 6 weeks
Immune deficiency (live-agent preparations)
Immune-deficient household contact
Neurological diseases
Other live vaccine within 4 weeks
Pregnancy
Trade names of Influenza - live vaccine vaccine (5 listed)
CAIV-T
Fluenz
Fluenz Tetra
FluMist
Nasovac
Vaccine: Influenza - inactivated vaccine
Mechanism of Action: Inactivated virus from chick embryo cultures.
Or split virus (viral components released using detergents or organic solvents).
Strain composition of current vaccines summarized in Influenza-Worldwide note (Epidemiology module)
Typical Adult Dosage
For risk groups (>age 65, chronic lung or heart disease, etc).
0.5 ml i.m. (deltoid region) - whole or split vaccine
Typical Pediatric Dosage
Cyst. fibr., heart dis., etc; age 6 m to 3 y: 0.25 ml i.m. (ant. lat. thigh)
Age >3 y: 0.5 ml i.m. (deltoid) - split vaccine
Subsequent booster: Repeat per ongoing disease activity [see Epidemiology - <Worldwide> note]
Toxic Effects for Influenza - inactivated vaccine: (14 listed)
Arthralgia / arthritis
Conjunctivitis
Encephalitis (-opathy)
Fever
Gianotti-Crosti syndrome
Guillain-Barre syndrome
Headache
Myalgia
Narcolepsy
Oculo-respiratory syndrome
Pericarditis
Thyroiditis
Transverse myelitis
Uveitis
Contraindications for Influenza - inactivated vaccine: (6 listed)
Allergy (sensitivity) to thimerosal
Allergy to aminoglycosides
Allergy to eggs
Allergy to the vaccine
Concurrent severe acute illness
Neurological diseases
Pregnancy
Trade names of Influenza - inactivated vaccine vaccine (111 listed)
Addiflu
Addigrip
AdimFlu-S (H1N1)
Adiugrip
Aflunov (H5N1)
Afluria
Agriflu
Agrippal
Alorbat
Alpha-Rix
Alpha-Rix
Arepanrix
Batrevac
Begrivac
Berigripina
Biaflu
Biaflu-Zonale
BinaxNOW Influenza A&B
Bio-Flu
Celtura
Celvapan
Chiroflu
Chiromas
Daronrix
Dircectogen EZ Flu A+B
Emerflu
Enzira
Evagrip
Flenz (Live intranasal)
Flu-Imune
Fluad
Fluarix
Fluazur
Flublok (Recombinant hemaglutinin)
FluLaval
Flumist (Live intranasal)
Fluogen
Flupar
FluShield
Fluvaccin
Fluvaccinol
Fluvad
Fluval
Fluvax
Fluviral
Fluvirin
Fluvirine
Fluviron
Fluzone
Focetria (H1N1, 2009)
Foclivia
Focusvax
Grifor
Gripavac
Gripguard
Grippol
Grippovac
Humenza (H1N1, 2009)
IDflu
Immugrip
Imovax Gripe
Imuvac
Infectovac Flu
Inflexal
Inflexal S
Influenzine
Influject
Influmix
Influpozzi
Influsplit
Influvac
Influvirus
Intanza
Invivac
Isiflu V
Isiflu Zonale
Isigrip Zonale
Istivac
Levrison
Mastaflu
Mevac-Flu
MFV-Ject
Miniflu
MonoGrippol
Mutagrip
Nasalflu
Nilgrip
Optaflu
Pandeflu
Pandemrix (H1N1, 2009)
Panenza (H1N1, 2009)
Panvax (H1N1, 2009)
Preflucel
Prepandrix
Previgrip
Prodigrip
Pumarix
QuickVue A+B
Sandovac
Tetagrip (+ Tetanus tox)
Vac Antigripal
Vacciflu
Vacina Contra Gripe
Vacina de Virus Inativado Contra Gripe
Vacuna Antigripal
Vacuna Purificada
Vaxigrip
Vepacel (A/H5N1)
Viroflu
Vitagripe
X-Flu
Disease: Influenza
Agent: VIRUS - RNA.
Orthomyxoviridae, Orthomyxovirus: Influenza virus
Reservoir: Human
Occasionally Ferret Bird Pig
Vector: None
Vehicle: Droplet
Incubation Period: 1d - 3d
Diagnostic Tests: Viral culture (respiratory secretions).
Serology.
Nucleic acid amplification techniques are available.
Typical Adult Therapy
Respiratory precautions.
Influenza A or B: Oseltamivir 75 mg PO BID X 5d
OR Zanamavir 10 mg BID X 5 days
Typical Pediatric Therapy
Respiratory precautions.
Influenza A or B: Oseltamivir 2 mg/kg (max 75 mg) PO BID X 5d
OR Zanamavir (age > 5 years) 10 mg BID X 5 days
Vaccines:
Influenza - inactivated vaccine
Influenza - live vaccine
Clinical Hints
Myalgia, headache, cough, fever; pharyngitis and conjunctivitis often present; usually encountered in the setting of an outbreak; leucocytosis, chest pain and lobar infiltrate herald bacterial (pneumococcal or staphylococcal) pneumonia.
Synonyms: (20 listed)
Asian flu
Aviaire influenza
Avian flu
Avian influenza
Bird flu
Epidemic catarrh
Grippe
H10N8
H1N1
H2N2
H3N2
H5N1
H7N9
Hong Kong flu
LPAI
Spanish influenza
Swine flu
Swine influenza
ICD9: 487
ICD10: J09,J10,J11
Influenza in United States
GIDEON does not follow routine country reports on human Influenza, since the scope and nature of these data are often diffuse, sporadic or inconsistent. See the "Worldwide" note for material regarding pandemic influenza, influenza vaccine, avian influenza in humans and other relevant subjects.
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